Every year, over 90,000 foreign workers enter Canada to work temporarily in jobs that help Canadian employers address skill shortages, or as live-in caregivers. A work permit is needed for most temporary jobs in Canada, though for some positions and business people it is not necessary. Canadian laws protect every worker in Canada. This includes temporary foreign workers like you.
Some temporary workers require a work permit and some do not. For some categories of workers, permits are approved more quickly. The requirements and processing times depend on the sort of work you will do when you come to Canada.
Read the information under what you should know (below) and Eligibility to apply to find out if you need a work permit or if you are in a special category where a work permit may not be necessary or is approved differently.
Remember, even if you do not need a work permit, you may need to meet other requirements. Read the information carefully.
What you should know
If you want to work in Canada, you must understand the following important information:
- Your employer helps determine if you are eligible. Your employer may need to get a labour market opinion from Human Resources and Social Development Canada (HRSDC). A labour market opinion confirms that the employer can fill the job with a foreign worker. You will find more information about which jobs do not require a labour market opinion under each section on the Eligibility to apply page. You can also find out more aboutHRSDC labour market opinions in the Frequently asked questions in the Related Links section at the bottom of this page.
- To work in Canada, you must meet the general requirements for entering the country and for staying here, in addition to those for getting a work permit. This means you may need a temporary resident visa. For information on visas, go to the Visit section on the left–hand side of this page.
- A work permit is not an immigration document. It does not allow you to live in Canada permanently. To live here permanently, you must qualify under an immigration category, such as skilled worker. Live–in caregivers can stay in Canada permanently if they meet certain requirements. For more information, go to Immigrate in the Come to Canadasection on the left–hand side of this page, or go toLive-In Caregiver Program in the Related Links section at the bottom of this page.
- If you want your spouse or common–law partner and your dependent children to come with you to Canada, they must apply to do so. For more information about bringing family members with you, go to Frequently asked questions in the Related Links section at the bottom of this page.
If your family members want to work in Canada
If you are authorized to work in Canada, your accompanying family members may also be able to work here by virtue of the permit you have obtained yourself. No other authorization is required. If they intend to work while in Canada, they should find out if they are eligible for an “open” work permit. Open work permits allow them to work in any job with any employer. An open work permit also means that they may be hired without the employer having to obtain a labour market opinion (the normal authorization required). Certain jobs may require medical checks or licensing from professional organizations. Their work permits will be valid for the duration of your own work permit.
Your spouse’s (and in some cases your children’s) eligibility for open work permits depends on the skill level of your job. You must also be authorized to work in Canada for at least six months. Note that open work permits for dependent children are available on a trial basis in participating provinces only. Accompanying family members must always apply for their own work permit. They should apply for one at the same time as you, before entering Canada. If they only decide to work after they arrive, they can apply once they are here. Find out more about applying from within Canada in the “Learn about” section on this page.
Your employer:
- must pay you for your work
- must make sure that your workplace is safe and
- cannot take your passport or work permit away from you.
Every province and territory has an office that deals with labour and employment laws. A person at your local employment or labour standards office can talk to you about fair pay, hours of work, rest periods, working conditions and provide other services.
You do not need your employer’s permission to call this office or visit its website. They cannot punish you or have you deported for it.
See Provincial and territorial employment standards offices in the Related Links section at the bottom of this page to find your local office.
Note: Federal labour and employment laws cover:
- the federal government
- banks
- companies that transport goods between provinces
- telecommunications companies and
- most businesses owned and run by the federal government.
Most other occupations are covered under provincial and territorial laws.
- Employment contracts
- If you lose your job
- Housing
- Health and safety
- Refusing dangerous work
- If you are hurt at work
- Is your work safe?
- Farm workers’ rights
Employment contracts
You may have signed an employment contract, depending on your job.
If you have a contract, it should include:
- details of your job and
- conditions of employment.
The conditions state the highest number of hours you will work each week and how much you will be paid. Both you and your employer must follow the contract.
The laws on hours of work and overtime (extra time or time worked after regular hours) are different depending on the province or territory you are in. Contact your local employment or labour standards office if you need more information about contracts.
Keep a copy of your contract. If you and your employer disagree about work details in the future, the contract may help you.
The contract also has information about the money that may be taken out of your pay (for example, the amount paid to the Canada Pension Plan and Employment Insurance, which you may be eligible to collect).
See Eligibility for Employment Insurance in the Related Links section at the bottom of this page to find out if you are eligible for benefits.
If you lose your job
Usually, your employer must give you written notice or pay you instead (this is called termination pay) before telling you to leave your job.
Your employer does not have to warn you when you are being let go for a “just cause” (for example, serious misconduct or missing work without good reason).
If you have a contract for a specific period or a specific job, your employer does not have to give you notice when your contract ends.
The rules about notice of termination are different in each province and territory.
If your employer does not follow the law when they dismiss you, you can complain to the local employment or labour standards office.
If you are covered by a union contract, you may have to make a formal complaint through the union.
Housing
Employers do not have to give you a place to live in Canada, unless you are:
- a temporary farm worker in the Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program or
- a live-in caregiver under the Live-in Caregiver Program.
If you are given room and board, your employer may take part of the cost out of your pay. In most provinces, the amount charged for meals and board is limited. The amount must be noted in your contract.
Health and safety
All workers in Canada have the right to a safe and healthy workplace. There are laws to protect workers from danger.
Provincial, territorial and federal governments each have their own laws and ways of looking into health and safety matters.
Refusing dangerous work
Most of the time, you have the right to refuse to work if you believe that the work you are doing or have been told to do is dangerous.
You must be paid until
- the danger is removed
- you feel the problem no longer exists or
- a government official tells you that it is safe to do the work.
Your employer cannot punish you for refusing dangerous work.
If you are hurt at work
Many provinces and territories provide workers’ compensation benefits. Workers’ compensation gives you help (medical or wage benefits) if you are hurt on the job or if your job causes you to get sick.
In some provinces or territories, employers do not have to sign their employees up for the plan.
If employers do not have to take part in the workers’ compensation plan in the province or territory where you work, your employment contract must say this.
Your employer must not take any money from your pay for the plan. Contact your local employment or labour standards office if you need more information about workers’ compensation benefits.
Note: If you have an accident at work, talk to your supervisor at once. See a doctor right away if you need medical help.
Is your work safe?
Ask yourself questions such as:
- Have I been properly trained for the job I am doing?
- Have I been given the right safety equipment to do the job?
- Do I feel unsafe when doing my job?
- Do I work close to dangerous materials?
To report an unsafe workplace, contact your local employment or labour standards office.
Farm workers’ rights
Some farm workers in Canada have special rights. For more information, contact your local employment or labour standards office. You can also visit Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program in the Related Links section at the bottom of this page to find out more about these rights.
Citizenship and Immigration Canada and Human Resources and Social Development Canada (HRSDC) jointly manage the Temporary Foreign Worker Program.
Related Links
- Eligibility for Employment Insurance (HRSDC)
- Federal labour standards (HRSDC)
- Myths and misconceptions about foreign workers(HRSDC)
- Provincial and territorial employment standards offices
- Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (HRSDC)
- Working temporarily in Canada
- Working temporarily in Canada – Frequently asked questions
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